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DOCUMENTOPOL





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we introduce an exciting new portal we have known.

These DOCUMENTOPOL , a place to find information on documents, both vehicles and people. Here you will find features, safety, expiry dates, etc. .. on documents, both English and foreign.

As its creators say, there continues to be trained to verify the authenticity of the documents submitted, and this "website" may be a useful tool for use in police work.

We congratulate you on your idea to its creators, welcome to the "Web" .

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"Hall of Criminology 2010 Valladolid 2010

On December 2, 2010, the English Society of Criminology and Forensic Science (Seccif) held in Valladolid "Hall of Criminology 2010" . The event was held at the Palacio de Congresos "Conde Ansúrez" and brought together over 200 professionals from different disciplines of criminology in the country.


Speakers included among others, D. Jesus Santos Alonso former Prosecutor of the High Court Judge and current liaison with Italy; D. José Ignacio Anton Prieto, Professor of Sociology and Director of Studies for Criminology at the University of Salamanca, D. Antonio Gonzalez Fernandez, Medical Examiner, Director of the Institute of Legal Medicine Zamora, Ms. Carmen Balfagón, Director of the Agency for Rehabilitation Child of the Community of Madrid, or Iker Jiménez director journalist and host of "Fourth Millennium" in Four and "Milenio3" in the SER.

During the ceremony, handed over the medals of honor in its category Silver Insignia to the following people for their prestigious occupation, their support and help SECCIF and criminology in Spain:

- Mr D Ilm º Feliciano Trebolle Fernández. Chief Justice of the Audiencia Provincial de Valladolid.
- Ilm Sr ª ª D ª Carmen Balfagón Lloreda. Director of the Agency for Rehabilitation of Juvenile Offenders, Community Madrid.
- D. Diego Miguel Angel Ballesteros. Chief Inspector CNP. Head of the Scientific Police Brigade Valladolid.
- D. Juan López de Haro and Mine. Chief Superintendent of the Municipal Police of Valladolid.
- D. Antonio González Fernández . Forensic Audiencia Provincial de Zamora.
- D. Santiago Martínez Bautista . Criminologist.
- D. Miguel Ángel González Calderón . Graphic Designer Editorial Lex Nova.
- D. David Álvarez Alonso . Journalist.
- D. Iker Jiménez Elizari . Journalist.
- D. Sergio Fernandez Moreno . Criminologist webdesigners.

- D. Francisco Pérez Abellán . Journalist, Director of the Department of Criminology University Camilo José Cela.

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An attacker on the scene" II "

Let us therefore look a bit more in the previous article . It turns out that the famous principle of exchange " Quiscunque tactus vestigia Legat (all contact leaves a trace) is a valid fact which strengthens our research activity, but also, as we said, you can throw to fret when we ourselves or our collaborators who through ignorance, accidental or recklessly pollute nature.

Inevitably, those who commit crimes and not acting physically do about things and events occur in mutual exchange that remains.

This can occur between people, between people and objects and between objects. So we are talking about primary transfer , which is what happens between the aggressor and the scene (and vice versa), the aggressor and the victim (and vice versa), or the investigator (or other participants) and the scene or victim (and vice versa). But there would be a secondary transfer , which would be from a previous contact. What happens, then the existence of the latter can multiply the workload, but also the value of trace evidence, so that sometimes enable us to relate several scenes together, that is, those who have been involved in the action criminal and those that belong to the author's environment. Of course, without you look carefully at what has been said-and, more specifically, the primary transfer occurs between the researcher and the scene or the victim-back, something that distorts the transfer process and simply resulting in contamination .

The techniques currently used in laboratories, are so developed that allow a differential analysis and comparison to almost everything, with the consequent cost, of course. So, another reason for its wise use, go necessarily prevent our irregular activity, slow down the process when not collapsed. At this point, which we reached theorizing practical reflection of the previous article, only remains to put a stop to this outrage and do a series of recommendations to avoid the fiasco of the inspection.

For example, we said that whoever arrives first at the scene, his performance generic passed to protect the scene. This implies, in addition to visually check the reality of the criminal and arrest the perpetrator if he were still there; neutralize imminent risks and dangers; auxiliary wounded taking notes of witnesses and other service personnel who are there, drive curious ... .- also use from the start and at least latex gloves, especially in the cases to be handled exceptionally signs and effects of crime, in which case it shall be always less common places such as corners, edges, parts interiors, etc.

All indications are important, but perhaps, for a decade, DNA technology has acquired a special role when we need to collect and analyze biological evidence of criminal interest. A priori, we can extract genetic material from any biological evidence (blood, hair, semen, epithelial debris, saliva ... etc..) And even with the new techniques of gene amplification (PCR, or chain reaction of polymerase) from minute quantities of genetic material-pg-o this highly degraded samples, we have obtained very precise information about the identity of the person from which the clue.

With what, in short, the result DNA testing will have much to do with the quality of training, but more for how to make the collection and shipment to the laboratory. The admissibility of evidence by the courts, with sufficient guarantee of authenticity and integrity, necessarily involves a quality filter is called chain of custody .

As noted, the collection of evidence generally requires proper protection using gloves, but also mask, hat, pants, and disposable overalls. And, since biological evidence prominently in the criminal investigation, we say to older, for their protection, it is important to dry traces at room temperature (not to act microorganisms) and without exposing to sunlight (ultraviolet radiation that does not degrade the DNA.) Once

protected
the next step is the collection, which, depending on the case, it is necessary the use of clean containers, porous and independent, as would be paper bags or cardboard boxes. These packages provide the sweat and avoid degradation itself would occur if the container was plastic.

If the sign is a biological liquid stain, we can collect a sample of it with a swab, allow it to dry at room temperature and placed in a container paper or cardboard. In the same evidence but with the stain dry, we apply another swab, but this time wetting in saline, then dried and placed in a container of paper or cardboard as the previous case.

may be obvious, but it is worth remembering that one should not speak or sneeze into the samples, to be used, as far as possible, disposable, single use and, remain valid for the selection, handling and collection of all the evidence that we can find, they must collect minimally logical and verifiable, which normally do not fit in that environment and not repetitive. The final step to endorse the chain of custody, would be singled out with reference labeling and unique addition to the exact place of origin.

To end and since we're talking about biological evidence, whenever possible, take a buccal swab as shown undoubted reference.

Author: Roberto Fernández Carro, QDC 11 .

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Issues historical facsimile

The editorial MaxTo r, in collaboration with SECCIF has released two new historical examples in facsimile:

fingerprinting for everyone (1915), Jose Jimenez Jerez.

Prologue. Prof. Dr. D. Aitor M. Curiel López de Arcaute

PART: Fingerprint .

Dedication.

of fingerprint identification and obtaining fingerprints.
Of the fundamental types.
of the formula.
of the subformula.
card sorting and searching.
of individual characters. Review
isolated prints. The kind
Adelto. Of the monodeltos
.
Settings of deltas.
Of particular characters in the regions conspicuous supra-delta-central-central and infradéltica infradelto. Of the bideltos
.
telegraph transmission from a fingerprint formula.
On revelation of footprints.

PART TWO: descriptive identification system.
From the front.
nose.
Oreja. Helix
.
lobe.
drink.
antitragus.
fold.
navicular fossa.
Concha. Form
general.
Separation.
Lips.
Cejas.
eyelids.
eyeball. Boca
.
Chin.
Wrinkles.
contours.
of corpulence. Characters
color.
Eyes.
skin.
hair and beard. Distinguishing
and scars.
Tattoos. Card
descriptive review.
Summary tables.

police technical manual (1935), by Edmond Locard.

Prologue. Prof. Dr. D. Aitor M. Curiel López de Arcaute

Chapter I: the checks.
Chapter II: fingerprints.
Chapter III: Signs.
Chapter IV: stains.
Chapter V: expert review written documents.
Chapter VI: The Secret Scripture.
Chapter VII: counterfeit currency.
Chapter VIII: Weapons and explosives.
Chapter IX: drugs.
Chapter X: identification of repeat offenders.
Chapter XI: the expert and expertise.
Appendix: the expert and expertise in Spain.

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Manual by Criminological Profile. Criminal Profiling

Our friend Jorge Jimenez, Vice President of the English Society for Research in Criminal Profiles (SEIPC) just published the "Practical Handbook of Criminological Profile. Criminal Profiling ", an excellent compendium surely be of great interest to many of our fans.

In this book the author working with various national and international experts. This is the first manual on the technique of profile criminological (Criminal Profiling) written in Castilian. This manual aims to provide a complete and updated this technique from the different approaches or schools that have used the profile as a tool of police investigation in response to the most complex and problematic, as the structure or methodology, which always seem to be ignored in the literature on this subject. The author has reviewed and analyzed all the literature published in recent decades to provide the closest thing to a theoretical and methodological criminological profile.

The work has a very neat and orderly structure to facilitate the reader's understanding of both the expert and which enters first in this area, helping to acquire a comprehensive and profound knowledge about The items used for the collaboration of a criminological profile. To do this, are simultaneously a series of practical case studies to help the reader to understand and practice on the theoretical material provided.

Parallel to police use of profiling, it is provided, without doubt, a new development of this tool to be used in the field of judicial expertise.

ISBN: 9788498982114 Editorial: Lex Nova
Authors : Jorge Jimenez Serrano
Edition: 2010
Binding: softcover
Pages: 370

INDEX:

PROLOGUE: PROFILE IN THE XXI CENTURY. Brent S. Turvey

PREFACE PROFILE Criminological TECHNIQUE TO DEVELOP IN SPAIN.

AUTHOR'S NOTES: OVERCOMING THE FBI

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION TO PROFILE criminologists.

1.1 BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO THE ART.

1.2 History of criminological profiles.

1.2.1 PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CRIMINAL. 1.2.2

PSYCHIATRISTS AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE.

1.2.3 THE FBI AND THE UNITY OF SCIENCES OF CONDUCT.

Criminological 1.3 THE PROFILE: USING THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD AND LOGIC.

1.3.1 THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD IN THE PROFILE criminologists. 1.3.2

induction and deduction.

1.4 TYPES OF CRIMINAL PROFILING. 1.4.1

ANALYSIS CRIME INVESTIGATION (FBI). 1.4.2

BEHAVIORAL EVIDENCE ANALYSIS (B. Turvey). 1.4.3

CRIME ACTION PROFILING (R. Kocsis). PSYCHOLOGY RESEARCH

1.4.4.

CHAPTER II: THE CRIME SCENE.

2.1-FORENSIC SCENE POLICE PROCEDURES 2.1.1

live performances. 2.1.2

SEARCH, EVIDENCE COLLECTION AND SHIPPING.
2.1.3
biological evidence. SIGNS LOFOSCÓPICOS

2.1.4. 2.1.5

SIGNS OF FIBERS. 2.1.6

SIGNS OF FIRE. 2.1.7

medical-legal autopsy.

INJURY ANALYSIS 2.1.8. 2.1.9

GRAPHICS ON THE SCENE DOCUMENTATION. SCENE PROFILING

2.2. LOCATION TYPE

2.2.1. SCENES TYPES

2.2.2. MOCK SCENES

2.2.3. 2.2.4

SCENE IN THE CRIMINAL PROFILING.

CHAPTER III: the Modus Operandi and signature. 3.1

modus operandi. 3.1.1

ELEMENTS AND PURPOSE OF RISK 3.1.2

MO MO'S ACTS DEPRECAUCIÓN

3.1.3. 3.2

SIGNATURE AND MOTIVATION.

3.2.1 RECOGNITION OF THE FIRM. 3.2.2

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE FIRM. SEXUAL MOTIVATION

3.2.3. MULTIPLE MURDERERS

3.3. 3.3.1

MULTIPLE TYPES OF MURDERERS. 3.3.2

THEORY OF SERIAL MURDERERS. BASIC EDUCATION

3.3.3. RANKINGS

3.3.4 SERIAL MURDERERS.

CHAPTER IV: THE GEOGRAPHIC PROFILE. 4.1

environmental criminology.

4.1.1 COST-BENEFIT LAW. MENTAL MAP

4.1.2.

4.1.3 ROUTINE ACTIVITIES THEORY. 4.1.4 THEORY

crime patterns. 4.1.5

CRIME DISPLACEMENT (JTC).

4.2 RESEARCH CONTRIBUTIONS OF PSYCHOLOGY. SPATIAL CONSISTENCY

4.2.1. 4.2.2

circle theory. 4.2.3

LOITERING AND TRAVELERS. CONTRIBUTIONS 4.3
KIM
Rossman.

DISTANCE DECAY 4.3.1.

ANCHOR 4.3.2. 4.3.4 GEOGRAPHIC

CRIMINAL WHITE.
4.4 THE GEOGRAPHIC PROFILE
. 4.4.1

VARIABLES IN THE GEOGRAPHIC PROFILE.

PHASES 4.4.2 Geographic profile.

GEOGRAPHIC PROFILE METHODOLOGY 4.4.3. 4.4.4

GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE FOR DEVELOPING GEOGRAPHIC PROFILES. 4.4.5

GEOGRAPHIC PROFILE TARGETS IN THE POLICE INVESTIGATION.

CHAPTER V: VICTIMOLOGY.
VICTIMOLOGY
5.1.

5.2 TYPES OF VICTIMS.

5.3 Types of victimization.

5.4 CONSEQUENCES OF BEING A VICTIM.
5.5 Analysis
Victimological. 5.5.1

RISK AND EXPOSURE TO THE VICTIM. 5.5.2

RECONSTRUCTION OF THE LAST 24 HOURS.

5.5.3 SELECTION OF THE VICTIM.

CHAPTER VI: PROFILE STRUCTURE criminologists.

PROFILE 6.1 Objectives of a police investigation.

6.2 METHODOLOGY OF CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION ANALYSIS (CIA), FBI.

6.3 RESEARCH METHODS IN PSYCHOLOGY (IP).

6.4 METHODOLOGY OF THE ANALYSIS OF EVIDENCE OF BEHAVIOR (BEA).

6.5 An integrated methodology.

6.6 PREPARATION OF THE REPORT.

CHAPTER VII: THE PROFILE criminologists as forensic techniques.

7.1 Analysis CRIMINAL MENTAL STATE DURING THE CRIME. 7.2

psychological autopsy.

SCENES 7.3 Analysis of AMAN.

7.4 LINKING CASES.

CONTRAPERFIL 7.5.

CHAPTER VIII THE LAST OBSTACLES criminologists. 8.1

PROFILE: ART, SCIENCE. COGNITIVE BIASES
8.1
AND MISUSE OF STATISTICS.

8.3 VALIDITY AND ACCURACY OF THE PROFILE. PHASE 8.4

PREPARADIGMÁTICA.

CHAPTER IX: THE FUTURE criminological profiles.

Neural networks for the profiling Criminology. VERA METHOD


THE SCIENTIFIC BASIS FOR THE SHAPING. PSYCHOLOGY RESEARCH. PRACTICAL

Criminal Profiling: PSYCHOSOCIAL PROFILE FORESTRY incendiary.

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"ADVANCED COURSE ON ADVANCES IN FORENSIC DENTISTRY"

The program "ADVANCED COURSE ON ADVANCES IN FORENSIC DENTISTRY" is dedicated to the presentation of the various forensic problems find their solution in the field dentistry and stomatology. Alternatives are proposed and reflections on the process of medical intervention, health and police in cases of major disasters and fatalities, emphasizing the important role of dentistry in the identification of victims. Also pays special attention to learning specific techniques in the dental field-forensic. All this from a practical approach, with learning scientific methods, critical analysis and proper interpretation of the results.

a training proposal is aimed at all professionals involved in the forensic among which we include physicians, dentists, lawyers, law enforcement personnel and state security forces, criminologists, etc. ..

The agenda for an optimal duration of 180 hours is divided into four teaching units which cover less than the forensic issues emphasizing the usefulness of forensic dentistry. Specifically, the four units are:

• HEALTH ISSUES, ORGANIZATIONAL AND FORENSIC MEDICAL SITUATIONS IN MAJOR DISASTERS.

• FORENSIC-DENTAL RESEARCH ON THE BODY.

• DENTAL CONTRIBUTION TO THE CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION FORENSIC IDENTIFICATION AND HUMAN.

• MEDICAL AND DENTAL RESEARCH bite wounds.

CONTENTS

Learning Unit 1. Health problems, organizational and medico-legal in situations of major catastrophes.

1. Healthcare Group for Emergency and Disaster
1.1.

Introduction 1.2. Phase Alarm performance and functions of the Emergency Coordination Centre
1.3. Control scenario: Profile and initial attitude of the health teams
1.4.
sectorization and Deployment 1.5. Shares of care in disasters: The Triage, wells evacuation, emergency care in the area for rescue and relief in the area.

2. Organizational problems and medico-legal major disasters with fatalities.

2.1. Medico-legal concerns about the victims of major disasters
2.2. Organization, objectives and general principles of conduct of the teams in major disasters
3. Action Procedure major disasters
3.1. Communications address
3.2. Address rescue operations for victims
3.3. Victim identification address
4. Medico-legal proceedings in the temporary morgue

5. Preparation of bodies for transportation and burial
6. Human teams of major disasters: Management strategies
6.1.
Planning 6.2. Human resource strategies

Teaching unit 2. And dental forensics on the body.

1. Legal-criminal typification of violent death.
1.1 Death
natural and violent death 1.2. Autopsy Judicial or Medical-Legal:
1.3. Phases of the Judicial Autopsy
2. Medico-Legal Autopsy of the oral cavity
2.1. Role of the dentist / a forensic autopsy in
2.2. Material required for oral autopsy
2.3. Technical oral autopsy
2.4. Evidence gathering odonto-stomatological interest
3. Changes in the body by death (cadaveric phenomena) and establishment of the time
3.1. Cadaveric abiotic phenomena
3.2. Cadaveric phenomena biotic

Teaching unit 3. Contribution Forensic dentistry in the criminal investigation and human identification.

1. The analysis of the jaws (maxilla and mandible), teeth and oral soft tissues

2. Human identification
2.1. Overview of human identification: legal and medical aspects.
2.2. Reconstructive procedures of identification and comparative

Learning Unit 4. Medical and dental research bite wounds.

1. Medico-legal interest in the footsteps of bites.
historical court cases 2. Distribution patterns and frequencies of presentation of human bites
3. Bites as physical evidence
4. Medico-legal problems in the analysis of bite marks
5. Procedure for analysis of bite marks
5.1. Recognition and analysis of the bite wound
5.2. Traces of saliva collection on the bite injury
5.3. Photographic analysis of the bite injury

5.4. Impression to obtain models of the bite mark
5.5. Collecting samples of suspect
5.6. Comparison of the trace of the bite with signs of suspicious
5.7. Tooth traces on inanimate objects
6. Current procedures for obtaining bite marks of acetate transparencies of paper

6.1. Generation of bite marks from scanned images of dental models in two dimensions using Adobe Photoshop 5.0 ®
6.2. Generation of bite marks from scanned images of dental models in three dimensions using the program
7. Process of comparing the bite marks on transparency and photography of the bite wound
7.1. Detection and correction of angular distortion of the photograph using Adobe Photoshop 5.0 ®

ADDRESS AND FACULTY
Garach
Aurora Valenzuela Professor of Forensic Medicine. Department of Forensic Medicine. University of Granada

Martín de las Heras Stella
Professor of Forensic Medicine. Department of Forensic Medicine. University of Granada

DURATION The course lasts 180 hours developed over 4 months old. Will begin on February 21, 2011 and end on June 21, 2011.

OPEN REGISTRATION PERIOD

TARGETING

The course is aimed at professionals in the health sciences such as Dentistry, Medicine, Pharmacy and DUE. As well as graduates in Law and Criminology. Another

for members of the forces and state security bodies, the department of health emergencies, civil protection personnel, firefighters, ambulances, emergency services and aid and all people in a direct or indirectly involved in the reconstruction of disaster.

senior

degree or diploma preferably in the areas and degrees indicated.

REGISTRATION
course enrollment can do it via the Web by filling out the form on-line "tuition" or in person at the headquarters of the Fundación Empresa Universidad de Granada or in the offices of the College situated in Open Learning: Business Foundation

University of Granada Avda Hospice, s / n, Administrative Complex Triunfo, Hall 1, 18071 - Granada
Phone 958 24 61 20

School of Open Learning
Branch Offices :

GRANADA: Polygon "The Florio" Avd ª. Andalusia S / N. Building Tadel group, 18015 Granada. Tteléfono 958 80 40 93
MADRID: C / Gran Vía, 55, 2 º G, 28013 Madrid. Phone
902 361 024 BARCELONA: C / Valencia, 451 low, 08013 Barcelona. Phone 93 245 29 22

PRICE AND PAYMENT

The course price is € 1,000 for undergraduate students and 1,200 € for graduates, graduates and professionals. To reserve a place should of entered the amount of 300 € in the current account No 0182/5695/81/0010010041 BBVA to name Tadele TRAINING, SL The student should bear the additional costs that may cause the payment of the course. The remaining amount will be paid in one installment of 700 € (students) or € 900 (professional) at the start of the course or postpone four debits € 175 or € 225 from March to June (inclusive), which become effective on day 1 of each month.

SCHOLARSHIPS:

students last years of the Bachelor of Dentistry and Medicine of the University of Granada who enroll in the course may receive an aid of 150 € in the price of the proof of their condition.

TITLE AND CREDITS

asked the Commission Academic Management of the Schools of Dentistry and Medicine of the University of Granada recognition of free credits to students in these degrees.
Title issued by the Fundación Empresa Universidad de Granada, Virtual Learning Center at the University of Granada and the School of Open Learning.

Download the complete project in pdf.

Closed Tank Purged Dip System?

An attacker at the scene of the crime.

The QDC No. 1 (Quad of Criminology) we gave thanks to Edmond Locard for having stated his famous principle Transfer ( Quiscunque tactus vestigia Legat, all contact leaves its trace) or, put another way, the scene of the crime is something the offender and it takes some of the scene .

However, there is no physical evidence does not mean that we should shelve the issue because the research avenues are exhausted in the absence of those. If there are not material, we can use the psychological (think of the film Seven) and also reach a satisfactory solution. I think that in the end it's all about the effort we put into the job. Surely those who have had the task of investigating every day for years, have come to the modest conclusion that it's hard not to find something, tell yourself fibers, blood, hair, human cell etc .- uniquely linking the author with the crime. We may be talking about microscopic cells, particles belonging to useful, remains minimal, in short, that, if absent, may be due to two main causes:

1. Lack of instrumental be able to detect (in addition to the cells or microscopic traces) the fingerprints that are based on clothing, in porous media and even the own skin.

2. The lack of preparation or inexperience of the researcher.

Assuming we have good resources and expertise to scrutinize a crime scene with guaranteed success, what happens when it is blurred or polluted by all professionals who come before the forensic specialists to perform activities their field of specialization? Of course, in this protocol seems that quite clearly referring to a theoretical concept that costs no little effort to implement it.

is coordination. But let's face it, sometimes when commits a crime of some social alarm, sexual assault, manslaughter, murder ... - coordination of which we speak, at least in the early stages of fact, it is difficult to make it effective. Starting your own circle of people who interact primarily with the aggressor or the victim, which do not have to coordinate or lack that makes them curious, continuing for-that there are hundreds, "according to media services health, judicial commission ..., finishing with members of the Security Forces and, within them, which integrates the various specializations. Total, which when produces an event in which, for example, there is a significant amount of blood scattered here and there, the scene can become a chapazal with a pilgrimage included. Logically, this implies a significant decline in the quality to be achieved when carrying out visual inspection Police Force. Therefore, it is essential that police officers who arrive first at the scene, take a number of protective measures aimed at comprehensive protection of the place, also avoiding the interference of unauthorized persons. Consider that the crime scene and its circumstances is one of the few sources where the author leaves his business card, so that we can relate to the fact authorship.

We have excellent kits with reagents, sample collection kits, brushes, cameras and forensic light, but if we need to collect hair from the back of the hand of the victim is his neighbor, the butt of ashtray left the police, the coroner or the judge himself or lofoscópicas traces found in the telephone handset is the physician of 112 ... that coordination we talking about? Yes, we will come one after the other or maybe all at once, each will have carried out their work with exquisite professionalism. Nothing to say, but coordination have to admit that extra professionalism to do my work thinking that will come later, and that means do not contaminate the evidence disappear, preserving as far as possible what I am.

Simple: A priori, placed a few simple latex gloves, a pair of breeches or avoid unnecessary trace is synonymous with quality. That's what we mean when well managed human resources and materials, when jobs are done by specialized personnel who are subject to ongoing training and updated. When the action protocols fit as possible to the cases that may occur because its flexibility allows it to fit within reasonably certain imponderables. Also the famous chain of custody is a fact of quality. This guarantees the identity and integrity of the remains or samples may be a source of evidence in a criminal act. Its adaptation, from the first moment she appears on stage, is the best guarantee of success in the process as a climax: the recreation of the test with total asepsis at the hearing.

Who knows, but maybe Locard, consciously or not, as had the "intruders crime scene" when he made his other axiom that "there is no perfect crime but badly researched" .

Author: Roberto Fernández Carro