say that the human body is the most perfect machine ever devised. Understanding the mechanisms and circuits, making use and repair of electronics and other techniques is the goal of biomedical engineers.
One of the most promising fields of biomedical engineering focuses on the development of sensors and instrumentation, applicable to the clinic, in very different conditions and processes. This has been evident in the round table dedicated to this area during the XXVI Annual Congress of the English Biomedical Engineering Society, held on Valladolid.
The first of the works on display responds to the argument that measure the electrical impedance can assess cardiac rejection in transplant patients. This research, by Javier Rosell, Technical University of Catalonia, is based on the assumption that "the rejection edema and destruction of the cell membrane, thus changing the electrical impedance detectable by a electrocatheter.
would be possible to replace the standard method, since it is highly invasive endomyocardial biopsy, to one that is "to analyze the level of rejection through intracardiac catheters, with the advantage that the diagnosis can be made real-time ". But this method is still" somewhat invasive and very expensive. "
are therefore working on a technique more economical, easier and not have to be used, for example, a catheterization laboratory.
So introducing an esophageal electrode may lead to the esophagus to "spend a large amount of current across the ventricular zone."
Other work on the electrical impedance has been described by Benjamin Sanchez of the Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña. In his presentation has been shown that bilateral multiseno signals quasi-logarithmic (BQL) can characterize dynamic biological systems better than other biomedical in nature.
Sanchez explained that "it is necessary to use signal bursts large bandwidth to characterize, with a single shot, the entire impedance spectrum." This will avoid the effects of modulation induced in the impedance caused by the mechanical movement of dynamic biological tissue under study. According to this improvement BQL signal "the signal to noise frequencies of interest without rise to nerve stimulation."
also in vivo characterization of myocardium to detect rejection by esophageal catheter and in vitro of artificial tissue, derived from stem cells to regenerate myocardial tissue are some of their applications.
optimal electrode design that captures the bioelectrical activity generated in the abdominal cavity is the goal of this work at the same table by Javier Garcia-Casado, Polytechnic University of Valencia. Even without conclusive results, this study is based on the characterization sensitivity of Laplacian electrodes since, which has been expressed García-Casado, "registration allows us to reject the tangential components of electrical sources that reach the surface of the body and focuses the vertical components."
Another eye movements of the proposals is the Jazz Novo Sensor, a user-centered development and disability specialist, minimally invasive, easily configurable, enabling multimodal registration, and high sampling frequency catch the eye movement. Joaquin Roca-Gonzalez of the Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, has introduced this new device that would allow assessment of cognitive functions to improve diagnosis and personalize the therapeutic approach of children with learning difficulties. The
hardware, based on a "very light unit which is registered as glasses, is a multi system which checks the implementation of evidence presented by different stimulation paradigms. As pointed out by Roca-González, "A virtual instrument was designed for exploitation, so that the program can see what is attracting the user and performs the presentation of these paradigms. They are also developing work to study the complexity of eye movement for detecting changes in reading ability.
Eduardo Lage, Experimental Medicine Unit of Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, has launched a multi-modality tomograph (VrPET / CT) for laboratory animals, cheaper "but that keeps the machine performance within reasonable margins ".
This has reduced the number of CT detectors and not using a complete ring, "reducing the cost in detectors and electronics." Thus, we have developed a commercial PET-CT system for in vivo studies with laboratory rodents very useful "for the development of new drugs in biomedical research basic. "
Beatriz Peñalba. Valladolid 20/10/2008
www.diariomedico.com 
0 comments:
Post a Comment