The Client / Server network communications network is one in which all customers are connected to a server, which consolidates the various resources and applications with that account, and that makes available to customers whenever they are requested.
This means that all the efforts being made are focused on the server so that it will have requirements from customers who have priority, the files are public use and those that are restricted, the files are read-only and those who, by contrast, can be modified, etc.
In such networks are well-defined roles and are not exchanged, at any time customers can have the role of servers and vice versa. This is fundamentally different from peer-to-peer (P2P) are those where there is a fixed role as the role of each can be altered: anyone can be either client or server.
This network model client / server was first used in the nineties, and is currently used very companies, especially those that handle large volumes of data. One reason is that this way you can maintain centralized control of information, bringing with it greater safety and higher performance at lower costs.
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